ABSTRACT
Objective To propose a method for accurately controlling the resistivity of 3D printing materials to facilitate to establish a human-head volume conductor model.Methods Two kinds of ABS/CB composite conductive printing materials covering the resistivity ranges of parenchymal and skull were selected through resistivity measurement and analysis. The correlation between the proportions and resistivities of the two kinds of ABS/CB materials and the empirical formula on the correlation between the resistivity and proportion was obtained through exponential function fitting. Results The selected ABS/CB composite material behaved well in frequency stability and time stability,and the obtained empirical formula had high-correlation coefficient.Conclusion Accurate control of 3D printing model resistivity is realized,and it's facilitated to gain 3D printing material with the same resistivity as those of skull and parenchymal.
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Eccrine carcinoma is an extremely rare skin tumor where only 1/13000 specimens have been submitted to dermatopathological laboratories in the United States.There is no data yet to compare the Philippines with the international incidence of eccrine carcinoma. This is a case of a 69-year-old Filipino female who presented with a recurring invasive indolent tumor at the right fronto-parietal area who presented with left sided hemiparesis and seizure.CASE: The patient was presented with a recurrent invasive indolent mass on her right front-parietal area, grossly measuring five by four centimeters, nodular flesh colored,which extended intracranially.This was associated with left sided hemiparesis and due to the extent of the tumor encroaching through the brain parenchyma, patient was noted to have seizure episodes. The patient was given surgical and radiologic options however, she did not comply and died last December 2015.RESULTS: A cranial MRI with MRA showed a heterogenous enhancing intracranial mass with extracranial component with compressed entrapped and depressed superior sagittal sinus by the axial mass witin calvarial penetration and scalp involvement compressing on the right parietal lobe with parenchyma edema. Biopsy was eventually done and findings were consistent with an eccrine carcinoma.CONCLUSION: This is the first case of eccrine carcinoma in our institution. Due to the paucity of data, there are no guidelines to the management of an eccrine carcinoma. Hence the imperative need to raise awareness regarding this rare tumor because, without a high index of suspicion this rare entity may be overlooked or misdiagnosed. When presented with an indolent invasive recurrent tumor a high index of suspicion that an eccrine Carcinoma may be suspected.Excision biopsy may be done for correct identification of the tumor.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Aged , Scalp , Superior Sagittal Sinus , Seizures , Sweat Gland Neoplasms , Biopsy , Skin Neoplasms , Carcinoma, Skin Appendage , Brain , Edema , Paresis , Parietal LobeABSTRACT
@#<p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>INTRODUCTION:</strong> Eccrine carcinoma is an extremely rare skin tumor where only 1/13000 specimens have been submitted to dermatopathological laboratories in the United States.There is no data yet to compare the Philippines with the international incidence of eccrine carcinoma. This is a case of a 69-year-old Filipino female who presented with a recurring invasive indolent tumor at the right fronto-parietal area who presented with left sided hemiparesis and seizure.<br /><strong>CASE:</strong> The patient was presented with a recurrent invasive indolent mass on her right front-parietal area, grossly measuring five by four centimeters, nodular flesh colored,which extended intracranially.This was associated with left sided hemiparesis and due to the extent of the tumor encroaching through the brain parenchyma, patient was noted to have seizure episodes. The patient was given surgical and radiologic options however, she did not comply and died last December 2015.<br /><strong>RESULTS:</strong> A cranial MRI with MRA showed a heterogenous enhancing intracranial mass with extracranial component with compressed entrapped and depressed superior sagittal sinus by the axial mass witin calvarial penetration and scalp involvement compressing on the right parietal lobe with parenchyma edema. Biopsy was eventually done and findings were consistent with an eccrine carcinoma.<br /><strong>CONCLUSION:</strong> This is the first case of eccrine carcinoma in our institution. Due to the paucity of data, there are no guidelines to the management of an eccrine carcinoma. Hence the imperative need to raise awareness regarding this rare tumor because, without a high index of suspicion this rare entity may be overlooked or misdiagnosed. When presented with an indolent invasive recurrent tumor a high index of suspicion that an eccrine Carcinoma may be suspected.Excision biopsy may be done for correct identification of the tumor.</p>